Price's two-season winning streak ended at 13 games, the longest in Canadiens history.
The first NHL goalie to start a season with a win in 10 straight games, Price made 20 saves but fell short of tying George Hainsworth's 89-year-old Canadiens single-season record of 11.
"It would have been nice to have, but it's over now, so time to move on now," said Price, who missed most of last season with a knee injury and had not lost since Oct. 29, 2015.
WATCH: All Panthers vs. Canadiens highlights
The Canadiens home winning streak was a team record to start the season, and fell one game short of tying the 1963-64 Chicago Blackhawks, who had an NHL-record 11-0-0 start at home.
Alexander Petrovic, Kyle Rau and Denis Malgin scored for Florida (8-7-1), which won consecutive games for the first time since starting 2-0-0. Luongo made 34 saves, and the Panthers won their second straight in overtime, improving to 4-0 this season.
"It was a funny night, their third goal was a lucky goal, too," Panthers coach Gerard Gallant said. "There were some funny goals tonight. We just talked about putting pucks at the net and getting people going there, and sometimes you get the lucky breaks and the lucky bounces. To get four by Carey is not easy to do."