Evan Rodrigues had a goal and an assist, Timo Meier, Brett Pesce, Dawson Mercer, Dougie Hamilton and Amadeus Lombardi each had two assists and Nico Daws made 18 saves in his first win of the season for the Devils (4-3-0), who have won two straight.
The victory was the 300th in the NHL for Devils coach Sheldon Keefe.
Pavel Dorofeyev scored and Dylan Garand stopped nine of 13 shots before being replaced by Spencer Martin at 4:39 of the second period for the Rangers (6-3-0). Martin made 15 saves.
The Rangers entered the game leading the NHL with a plus-13 goal differential.
Rodrigues gave the Devils a 1-0 lead at 19:30 of the first period, stealing a cross-ice pass by Rangers captain J.T. Miller at the top of the right face-off circle before scoring on a wrist shot.
Rodrigues, acquired in a trade with the Florida Panthers on June 30, scored his first Devils goal in a 5-4 overtime win at the Detroit Red Wings on Tuesday.
Hughes pushed it to 2-0 just 18 seconds into the second period on wrist shot from the top of the left face-off circle that deflected off defenseman Adam Fox in the circle and past Garand.
Nico Hischier jammed in a puck into the net from the left post at 4:08 to make it 3-0.
Arseny Gritsyuk scored 31 seconds later on a wrist shot from the right face-off circle to give the Devils a 4-0 advantage at 4:39.
Martin then replaced Garand, who was making his third straight start since Igor Shesterkin sustained a season-ending lower-body injury on Oct. 9.
Hughes extended the lead to 5-0 on a wrist shot from outside the right post at 16:34.
Stefan Noesen scored to make it 6-0 on a shot from the left circle at 7:01 of the third period.
Dorofeyev scored a power-play goal for the Rangers at 8:02 to make it 6-1.
Cody Glass scored a short-handed goal for the Devils at 14:54 for the 7-1 final.
