Kuraly, playing his 19th NHL regular-season game, scored two goals -- including in overtime -- in Game 5 of the Eastern Conference First Round against the Ottawa Senators on April 21.
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He had two assists in 10 games this season entering Thursday.
The Bruins are without injured forwards David Krejci (lower body), David Backes (diverticulitis), Ryan Spooner (groin) and Noel Acciari (finger).
"Yeah, obviously it feels good," Kuraly said. "You know, my job is to play solid and consistent and chip in when I can, and obviously tonight it felt good to do that."
Before the goal, Bruins defenseman Torey Krug had two shots blocked, but the second one deflected to Jake DeBrusk. After DeBrusk's shot was stopped by Vegas goaltender Maxime Lagace (26 saves), Kuraly jammed in the rebound as he crashed into the right goal post.
"Those are the type of goals he's going to score," Boston coach Bruce Cassidy said. "He's not a guy that's going to come down the wing and inside out someone generally and blast it in. He'll track pucks down, loose pucks, breakaways, second chances. So good for him."
The Bruins (5-3-3) won for the first time in three games (1-0-2) and have earned at least one point in six straight games (3-0-3).