Jason Zucker extended his goal streak to four games, and Sidney Crosby and Malkin each had two assists for the Penguins (34-22-10), who are 7-1-1 in their past nine games. Tristan Jarry made 27 saves.
Pittsburgh holds the first wild card into the Stanley Cup Playoffs from the Eastern Conference, two points ahead of the New York Islanders and five ahead of the Florida Panthers. It is in fourth place in the Metropolitan Division, six points behind the Rangers.
"There is still a lot of hockey to play, and we need the points more than they do," Jarry said. "So I think we were just a little more desperate tonight."
Chris Kreider and Barclay Goodrow scored for New York (37-19-10), which had won two straight. Jaroslav Halak made 32 saves.
The Rangers are eight points behind the New Jersey Devils for second place in the Metropolitan.
"We haven't played well," New York coach Gerard Gallant said. "We admit to that, but we're still winning hockey games, too. Tonight, we still got a point against a real good team over there. We're battling hard. We have to be better. We know that. I think everybody in that room knows it."